English Grammar focuses on learning English through exercises that incorporate learning tools including videos and audio material as well as guided practice activities.

English Grammar focuses on learning English through exercises that incorporate learning tools including videos and audio material as well as guided practice activities.

English Grammar focuses on learning English through exercises that incorporate learning tools including videos and audio material as well as guided practice activities.

English Grammar focuses on learning English through exercises that incorporate learning tools including videos and audio material as well as guided practice activities.

English Grammar focuses on learning English through exercises that incorporate learning tools including videos and audio material as well as guided practice activities.

English Grammar focuses on learning English through exercises that incorporate learning tools including videos and audio material as well as guided practice activities.

English Grammar focuses on learning English through exercises that incorporate learning tools including videos and audio material as well as guided practice activities.

As an English Literature and Modern Languages student at UCL I know the value of being confident interpersonal communicate, specially when it comes to transmitting creative ideas. It is more important than ever, in a world where lanugage shifts everyday, to find one's voice in the noise and be able to share meaning strongly to take projects from conception to result without missing a beat or compromising quality.

English Grammar focuses on learning English through exercises that incorporate learning tools including videos and audio material as well as guided practice activities.

Continuing to focus on practical, conversational German, learning new vocabulary and grammar, at times also exploring the differences between German-language and English-language cultures.

Continuing to focus on practical, conversational German, learning new vocabulary and grammar, at times also exploring the differences between German-language and English-language cultures.

This course will offer students the opportunity to improve their English conversation skills. Students will spend each class discussing an assigned 1-page length reading from a variety of sources including the work of Ibn Khaldun, as well as be given different weekly themes (e.g. favourite music, sports, recipes, poems, etc.) for group discussion and individual presentation.

In this class, we will use a rhetorical framework to develop our English writing, academic vocabulary, and speaking skills. Via small group activities and individualized feedback, students will expand their knowledge of English and their own unique writing processes. We will practice thinking critically and strategically to become more confident communicators.

The class focuses on developing writing proficiency, building critical analysis skills, and practicing English through group activities and individualized feedback. Each week we will focus on different topics of interest such as: exploring self-identity, poetry, the United Nations, and the Afghan Girls Robotics Team! Students will explore many types of topics through this class while building confidence in speaking and writing in English.

How do we tell and show people that we care about them? How can we use care to improve the relationships in our own lives? How can we care for our health and the health of our loved ones? In this class, you will learn English while learning to read about the history of care work and health care, practice active listening, use simple AI tools to model health care relationships and learn how to express care and respect through everyday acts like sharing a meal.

This course is for students who are interested in medical/healthcare backgrounds and who would like to develop a higher level of English in the field of medicine and general English. Students interested in working in English-speaking countries will especially benefit from the course material. Each lesson will focus on a different medical theme, for example, doctor-patient scenarios, medical emergencies, and body systems, and offer audio-visual materials and articles that are engaging and relevant for students at this level. There are also role-play opportunities that allow students to practice the lesson vocabulary.

This course for advanced level English students will take students through an in-depth introduction to speechwriting. Students will explore the key principles and be introduced to the leading techniques used in modern political speechmaking. Through a four-week long course, students will analyze a famous political speech, learn techniques for how to structure speeches for maximum effect, and develop skills to tailoring language to various contexts. Each student will have multiple opportunities to write their own short speeches (3-5 minutes), receiving feedback and evaluation from the instructor and peers. By the end of the course, students will have the confidence to write and deliver effective speeches on political issues, with a strong foundation in basic remarks drafting and style.

This course is open to new students as well as students who have taken the class before.This course is designed to cultivate intellectual curiosity while fostering critical thinking skills through the exploration of short-form literature. Students will read short stories, essays, and poetry, focusing on themes, tone, character, and language. By analyzing various literary forms, students will improve their ability to articulate responses to new material and express their opinions using evidence from the readings. Through guided discussions and reflective writing exercises, students will investigate the perspectives of authors from around the world. The course will provide an opportunity to not only appreciate literature, but also to develop essential skills that are valuable in both academic and real-world contexts.

Everyone has a good stories to tell. How to tell your stories and how to write them will be the focus of this 10 week workshop. Stories are the way we connect to one another, and to the larger world. Together we will explore good stories by reading, writing, and telling them. We will discuss good writing techniques, and examine all the ways that make stories good. At the end of class, all participants will have written at least one good story of her own.

This course examines the development of the American short story across the 19th and 20th centuries, tracing the genre’s formal evolution and its shifting engagement with American cultural life. Beginning with foundational writers such as Washington Irving, Nathaniel Hawthorne, Edgar Allan Poe, and Herman Melville, we explore how early practitioners shaped the conventions of short fiction through gothic atmospheres, moral allegory, regional expression, and experiments in narrative voice. Moving into the 20th century, we consider how authors including Kate Chopin, Zora Neale Hurston, John Steinbeck, Ernest Hemingway, William Faulkner, Flannery O’Connor, James Baldwin, and Ernest J. Gaines transformed the genre through modernist innovation, psychological realism, vernacular storytelling, regionalist traditions, and new representations of race, gender, and class. Through close reading, discussion, and analytical writing, students will develop a critical vocabulary for understanding the craft of short fiction and its intersections with historical change—from Reconstruction and urbanization to modernism, the Great Depression, the Civil Rights movement, and postwar social transformations. By the end of the course, students will have a deeper understanding of how the American short story became a central site for experimenting with narrative form and for articulating the complexities of American life.

We study Lulu Miller’s 2020 novel Why Fish Don’t Exist. The text intertwines various genres and issues within the envelope of an autobiographical account of the author’s personal search for a way to persevere in a fundamentally meaningless world. Beset by a prolonged “crisis of meaning,” Miller explores a variety of issues as she searches for a pathway out of the crisis, somewhat in the manner of earlier texts in the tradition of “existentialist literature,” such as texts by Tugenev, Dostoyevsky, Nietzsche, Kafka, Sartre, and Camus.

This course provides students with an understanding of international history from the early nineteenth century to the end of the Cold War, and of the major transformations that have shaped today’s international system. In particular, we will examine the political, military, economic, and cultural forces that have influenced the development of modern international relations, from the Congress of Vienna through the major conflicts, ideological confrontations, and structural changes of the twentieth century. This is not a comprehensive survey of all world regions, but a course that focuses primarily on the interactions between the great powers of a given era and their significant impacts on global political and economic order. Our purpose is not to have you memorise dates, but to understand the interplay of historical forces and the historical approaches that seek to explain these events.

Studying history requires critical thinking and determination: a historian must gather evidence and examine it carefully to write a story about the past. This course introduces the critical and analytical skills necessary for the study of history, through an examination of women in the Roman Empire. While the course focuses on Rome, the skills students will learn will be useful to students interested in any area of history. We will look at literature and trash, graves and gems, to study how we know what we know about the past. Our course will take us through fascinating and monstrous stories, into the world of magic and religion to give us a picture of the lives of ancient Roman women.

This course offers an introduction to the musical traditions of Afghanistan and their cultural, social, and historical contexts. Students will explore a range of musical genres, instruments, and performance practices, while also learning about the intersections of music with identity, migration, gender, politics, and religion. Special emphasis will be placed on the role of music in preserving Afghan cultural heritage during times of war, displacement, and diaspora.

This course focuses on the benefits of exercise for physical and mental health, the history of women’s sports, and the intersection of politics and women’s sports. The course has a particular emphasis on successful Muslim women athletes and the barriers they have faced and continue to face. We also highlight the experiences of women athletes in Afghanistan. The course includes in-class discussions and videos, breakout groups, pre-class readings, and short writing assignments to supplement lectures and presentations. No background in the topic is required; intermediate level English recommended.

Introduction to Economics provides students with a basic understanding of economics on a macro and micro level. Students will learn basic economic concepts such as supply and demand and theories, and apply tools everyday life. The course will explore the roots of economic philosophy and modern debates about markets and the role of government. Students will analyze historical and current events and the relationships between political and social institutions. Course work will include weekly problem sets, quizzes, and projects that encourage students to research topics and problems, propose solutions, and practice presentation skills.

Mathematics is a fundamental "language" needed for working in sciences, economics and engineering – and of course in mathematics itself. The purpose of this course is to refresh some known background from school and to augment it to a base of skills and tools on the level of a standard college algebra course. To this end, we will closely follow the freely available textbook https://people.math.wisc.edu/~jwrobbin/112online/UWCABook.pdf and work on abstract concepts as well as concrete examples; the taught material will be complemented by assignments to be solved by the students.

This course focuses on core concepts like functions, equations, inequalities, polynomials, and systems of equations, designed to build skills for calculus and other advanced STEM subjects.

This course continues the development of foundational mathematical skills essential for further study in the sciences, economics, engineering, and mathematics itself. Building on the material from College Algebra I, this second part introduces new concepts while reinforcing previously studied topics. The primary focus will be on three key areas: exponents and exponential functions, trigonometry, and logarithms. We will combine abstract reasoning with concrete problem-solving. Students will engage with the material through lectures, discussions, and regular assignments.

Research in any field of knowledge requires both rigorous methods and general statistical tools. Even though many analyses can be done using simple tools like Excel, such tools don't offer the flexibility of a programming language. In this course you will learn the basics of Python and the Jupyter notebook, with an emphasis on data analysis such as: - reading and writing data files - modifying and merging data - visualization data - general statistics The course will include practical cases on real data.

Discrete mathematics studies processes that move through a sequence of distinct, well-defined steps. This contrasts with calculus, which focuses on phenomena that change smoothly and continuously. While the ideas of calculus shaped much of the science and technology of the Industrial Revolution, discrete mathematics forms the foundation of the computer age. In this gentle introduction to discrete mathematics, we will focus on number systems, logic and proof, mathematical induction, and discrete structures. By the end of the course, you will have built a solid mathematical foundation for key areas of computer science such as algorithms and cryptography, as well as for further study in mathematics, including algebra and number theory.

Introduction to cellular and molecular human biology

This introductory biology course is designed for students interested in the biological foundations of medicine and human health. It focuses on building a strong conceptual basis in biology that supports further learning in medical and health-related subjects.

In this class, we will look at family law and how it reflects the culture and political systems in countries. We will discuss different institutes like marriage, divorce, custody rights and visitation rights. The starting point will be the German law, but we will compare it to the law in other, especially Muslim, countries and discuss the reality of family law in Afghanistan from the student´s point of view.

This course will help you learn how to start a small business. You will learn how to: Start a small business in your area Understand what people in your community and in other countries want Sell products or services locally or online (internationally) Manage money (costs, price, profit) Write a simple business plan Use free tools to learn what people want to buy At the end of the course, each student will have her own Business Plan.

The objective of this course is to equip participants with practical negotiation skills to create value, build relationships, and achieve mutually beneficial outcomes in professional and personal contexts. Key Learning Outcomes: Understand core principles of negotiation (BATNA, ZOPA, interests vs. positions). Develop strategies for integrative and distributive negotiations. Practice effective communication and active listening techniques. Learn how to manage power dynamics and overcome common barriers. Apply ethical considerations in negotiation scenarios.

This course will take students through historical and ethnographic perspectives on food as a cultural, socioeconomic, symbolic, historical, sensory, and political domain. We will begin by reading seminal historical and theoretical texts that have formed the foundations of approaches to food. Our further readings will consist of case studies that explore the ways food and eating communicates ideas about class, gender or ethnicity.This course will give students a chance to look more closely at taken-for-granted categories, asking questions like, How do we learn what counts as food and not-food? What can we learn by looking at what disgusts us or what we consider taboo? How is food a vehicle for social inclusion and exclusion?

What reasons do we have for thinking that God exists? Why might a good, all-powerful God allow suffering? If God exists, what is God like? If you are interested in exploring these questions further, and are competent in English, then this course is for you. You will learn how to evaluate arguments and how to construct your own rational arguments. You will reflect on your beliefs and will analyse possible objections and responses to a variety of ideas.

This course introduces students to recent and contemporary feminist philosophy. We will ground our study of feminist philosophy in the feminists political activism that paved the way for feminist scholarship to become established in colleges and universities. We will focus on key themes, issues, and problems in feminist theory and philosophy such as social constructions of gender, sex, and sexuality; gendered relations of power; how gender intersects with other aspects of our lives, such as culture and politics; gendered embodiment; and resisting gender oppression.

The aims of this course are: • To explore current debates about the relationship between religion and human rights – including how religious ideas have shaped beliefs about human rights, and how religious communities respond to specific questions about human rights • To reflect critically on the relationship between religion and human rights from a range of perspectives: historical, theological, philosophical and social-scientific • To develop critical responses to specific case studies or issues in religion and human rights If you are interested in exploring these questions further, and are competent in English, then this course is for you. You will learn how to evaluate arguments and how to construct your own rational arguments. You will reflect on your own beliefs and will analyse possible objections and responses to a variety of ideas. The religious texts and ideas studied in detail will be from Christian, Jewish and Muslim sources, but we will also look at wider questions applying to all religious groups (for example, about freedom of religion and the rights of religious minorities). Students will be encouraged to raise their own questions and there is flexibility to shape the course material in line with student interests. Course objectives: By the end of the course, you can expect to be able to: • Understand and be able to discuss key questions about the relationship between religion and human rights • Apply theories about the relationship between religion and human rights to specific case studies or issues • Critically analyse and evaluate texts about religion and human rights

In this course we will develop a theoretical and practical grasp of fundamental concepts and techniques of critical thinking and logic as used in contemporary analytic philosophy. The first half of the course is informal. We will learn how to identify and analyse arguments expressed in natural language and we will learn to evaluate those arguments for validity and soundness. We will also learn how to identify invalid arguments and diagnose some familiar fallacies. The second half of the course is about the fundamentals of a basic formal logic: classical propositional logic. We will examine some problems with analysing, evaluating and constructing arguments in natural language. To avoid those problems, we construct a formal language called classical propositional logic. We will learn how to translate natural language arguments into propositional logic and apply formal methods to test them for validity.

Reading and discussion of ideas about justice that inspired political movements

Trigonometry is the study of triangles, and the study of "trignometric functions" like sine, cosine, and tangent. It is a building block of many other courses, and fun in its own right.

Basic Anatomy I and II are lecture-based courses that cover the fundamentals of human structure, including tissues and organs. The courses provide foundational learning modalities to study the major organ systems, including the integumentary, skeletal, muscular, nervous, circulatory, respiratory, digestive, urinary, endocrine, lymphatic, and reproductive systems.

This course introduces the basic ideas of public health. Students will learn how health is shaped by society, communities, and everyday life. Topics include disease prevention, health promotion, and the role of public health in improving well-being. The course also introduces education and career pathways in public health.

An introduction to the basic principles of organic chemistry with focus on structure, properties, and reactions of importance to biological systems and health related fields.

Introduction to the fundamentals of biochemistry, structural and functional aspects of biomolecules. This course will enhance the basic understanding of the molecular basis of life and some common diseases that plague humanity.

This course is NOT a substitute for "Intro to Chemistry for Health Professionals". Instead, "Medical Chemistry" covers fewer of the Chemistry fundamentals that are critical to medicine. However, for the few fundamentals it does cover, it covers them more rigorously. Students will develop a foundation in these chemical principles through problem-solving and critical thinking, with an emphasis on applications relevant to the medical field.

In the 17th century, Isaac Newton showed that one simple set of laws can describe everything we see around us, from a piece of fruit falling out of a tree to the planets going around the sun. In this course you will learn how to describe motion mathematically, how the forces on an object determine that object's motion, and how "conservation laws" (such as the conservation of energy) limit the possible behaviors that objects can have. By the end of the course, you should be able to mathematically describe and predict many kinds of motion, and be able to look at the world around you and understand it in a new way.

This course is designed for non-science majors as well as scientists with an interest in learning about the planets, moons and other objects in our solar system. The focus will be on the tools of discovery through instruments on modern planetary spacecraft. We will also explore the methods of detecting extra-solar planets and the types of worlds that have been discovered.

This couse provides an overview of the techniques used in the forensic laboratory for the analysis of common types of physical evidence encountered at crime scenes. The nature and significance of physical evidence, the underlying chemical/physical principles of the scientific techniques employed for its analysis, and the interpretation and evidentiary value of scientific results will be studied. **This class will fulfill an elective for the Health Professions Certificate but is open to all students who meet the English requirement.

We live in an age where information on any topic is easy to find online. And that’s great! But how do we know if the information is real or fake? What steps can we take to ensure that we are getting the most accurate information from sources we can trust? Why is this so important in our everyday lives and in an academic context? These are some of the questions we will explore in this course. In addition, we will discuss the filter bubble and AI. Keep in mind, participation is a key to learning; it will help you remember what you learn, and it will give you opportunities to practice, so do your best to participate in class. Our virtual classroom is a safe place to learn and make mistakes!

This course will introduce many important concepts in academic research across the entire research process. We will explore topic development and how to choose effective keywords. We will cover the different types of academic sources, with a focus on how to find and evaluate scholarly sources through database searching. We will also explain citation and appropriate use of sources, including issues of paraphrasing and plagiarism. The content will be applicable across all academic fields of study.

For advanced students and those who have completed the AFSO Colloquium. This course prepares students for the Reading, Listening, Speaking, and Writing sections of the TOEFL iBT. Some attention also to Duolingo English Test Preparation. Those who complete practice tests with high scores will be eligible for a TOEFL or Duolingo voucher.

This is a rigorous course focused on improving students’ ability to write analytically and academically in English. Each week, students will be assigned a reading assignment, a writing assignment, and grammar exercises to improve their English language skills. Students will learn to read and think critically, write thoughtful and original analysis, and understand the building blocks of an academic essay. All texts will be provided to the students.

We begin by considering the general relationship between languages and power. Within any given country, some languages are more powerful than others; speaking those languages gives individuals relatively more power. On a global level, languages are arranged in hierarchical patterns – with English at the top. Language learning and translating are activities which are thus always intimately connected with questions of power. We move on to consider some of the more specific ways in which translating can strengthen or challenge existing power structures. First, in relation to feminism, we explore translation’s potential to challenge patriarchal structures within society (e.g. by giving women access to knowledge) or within language itself. Second, in relation to activism, we use case studies to understand the ways in which translation can be harnessed in support of a variety of causes such as human rights or climate justice. Finally, taking a closer look at the mechanics of translation, we explore the ways in which word choices can perpetuate or contest dominant worldviews.

Foundations of statistical data science—collecting, managing, summarizing, visualizing, and learning from data.

Spreadsheet skills plus an introduction to R for data manipulation, graphs, and basic statistics.

Combine statistics and Python for real-data projects: cleaning, visualization, analysis, and answering research questions.

Ethnographic methods to document cultural practices—stories, songs, gestures, greetings, jokes, and foodways.

Major movements in regional cinema since the 1980s, analyzed through historical, cultural, and aesthetic frameworks.

Afghan musical traditions and cultural context—identity, migration, gender, politics, and heritage in diaspora.

Physical/mental health benefits, history of women’s sports, Muslim women athletes, and sports-related human rights issues.

How to interpret ancient sources and women’s representation; feminist, gender, and queer criticism; modern debates in faith settings.

Intro to German vocabulary, grammar, and pronunciation for practical everyday communication.

Intro to German vocabulary, grammar, and pronunciation for practical everyday communication.

English grammar practice using exercises, videos, audio materials, and guided activities.

English grammar practice using exercises, videos, audio materials, and guided activities.

English grammar practice using exercises, videos, audio materials, and guided activities.

English grammar practice using exercises, videos, audio materials, and guided activities.

English vocabulary and “terms of art” used in math and science, with conversation, writing, and listening practice.

Communication-focused course to build confidence in speaking and writing, vocabulary growth, grammar usage, and comprehension through structured class materials and supportive practice.

Read Khaled Hosseini’s novel through literary and postcolonial critique; students write two original stories from different perspectives.

Close reading to strengthen vocabulary, syntax, reading speed, and comprehension. Weekly reading log and structured writing/discussion.

Short stories, essays, and poetry to build critical thinking, discussion skills, and evidence-based opinions through reading and writing.

Anglo-American poetry from the 19th–20th centuries through close reading, analysis, and historical context.

A 10-week workshop focused on reading, writing, and telling stories; students write at least one complete story.

Deep description, observation, and reflection to create lifelike scenes and portraits through writing.

Core algebra skills for sciences/economics/engineering, using a free textbook and regular assignments.

Exponents, exponential functions, trigonometry, and logarithms with structured practice and assignments.

Functions and derivatives, applications, modeling, and problem-solving; weekly lectures plus recitation.

Math tools for biology/chem/physics including unit conversions, graphing, Google Sheets, regression, and statistics.

Fundamentals of human structure, tissues, and major organ systems (lecture-based).

Cell structure, microscopy, prokaryotes vs eukaryotes, pathogens; may include mitosis and genetics.

Core biology for majors/pre-professional students: cell structure, metabolism, genetics, gene expression, biotech.

Atomic structure, bonding, intermolecular forces, acids/bases, redox, and applications to biological systems.

Informal and formal logic, argument analysis, fallacies, and propositional logic for testing validity.

Philosophical theories of freedom, responsibility, and relationships through weekly classic readings and discussion.

Major themes across Western philosophy through key thinkers; focuses on knowledge, ethics, and political legitimacy.

Women’s contributions to political theory across traditions; includes student presentations and global perspectives.

Arguments about God, suffering, and belief; learn to evaluate and construct rational arguments.

Materialism, idealism, dualism, consciousness, computation, and mind-body interaction.

International relations, human rights, development, peace & conflict; debates, simulations, and applied learning.

Comparing political systems and justice concepts; assessed through short essays with feedback and revision.

History, production, chemistry, and health claims of olive oil; sustainability and evaluation of oils.

Cultural history of astronomy, observing methods, and modern understanding of stars and galaxies.

One Health, climate change, disasters, environmental justice, and how environments shape health outcomes.

Fundamentals of chemistry relevant to medicine; problem-solving and critical thinking with applied focus.

Physiology of stress, chronic disease risk, coping strategies, and applying research to real life.

Honors seminar providing guidance for higher education opportunities outside Afghanistan.